For an early move freely

 Resume training is really tiring, so long did not come, thank you come here to see me! I'm all right.
Earlier phone should be ringing off the hook, ah really a false alarm. In fact, I recovered very well the reason for delayed discharge because the doctors Mom Huile Tang of Dalian, and now back, I will always continue to work for the early action with ease!

2010 GE Road winter feelings

 Happy winter hell
mm Ge Road, feelings
you know br> In addition to eating and sleeping here, we hear only the River in the show their own bold personality.
here to stay, only by the brain where, all day long, in addition to playing chess, multiple disk, do title, or playing chess, multiple disk, make questions, always, to maintain good posture, stand up straight, feet flat, hands on his knees, if it is to me and sat there a couple of minutes I absolutely can not hold on, but black and white as before 361 pawn and the intersection of the chessboard, can make me forget the pain.
day, I went back to dorm room to feel completely collapsed, Yaosuanbeiteng leg does not matter how straight up, hands? may be because the end of a chess book club too long, really sour to the extreme, alas hh
lose chess, only with snacks to comfort themselves, to their opponents lost one delicious as snacks by my one by one to swallow, it feels Yeah, really makes cool yo! win chess, just like the poem long, long accompanied by snacks.
my bed by the window, a good line of sight, every time the dead of night, I will look at the lights in the building, fantasy lights on in that room, there must be one and children my age, and her father and mother together, sitting on the sofa while watching TV hh light smile along with other people's snoring, I can not help the tears welling, mom and dad know where you how hard life? I miss Rose goes hi bed sheets, I miss that little pink bookcase, I miss my lovely room hh thought of this, my tears like a broken string of beads in general, the left eye tears into the right eyes, right eye tears hit the pillow, the tick, tick h..
Now, I see the future, to leave father and mother is still a long day of independence, just 20 days, is negligible Although bitter day, but the blade of sword from tempering, plum blossom from the bitter cold, but it has forever.
From tomorrow, I will joy in the eyes and confident smile to greet the new sunrise.
Ng Yu Jing Xu
winter feelings

Yang Ge Road, this time I came here, the more stringent management than elsewhere, so for some people life is like here in hell, even though But only 20 days to GE Road, let me know how strict it is well-deserved reputation, in the first few days, I think GE Road, not very strict, the opposite is also some interesting, but after a few days later, I do not think so, because actually repeated almost every day is more boring things, but accidentally made the mistake GE Road, will be fined, such as speech after speech at rest, which are under the Rapid h. to standing, fine squat, the board to pay, but to do so as well, so that punishment can not only allow you to remember the mistakes you make, and in order to avoid being punished, you have to not make the same mistake, this is really serve two purposes ah. because of more stringent training Ge channel, so I have many times wanted to go home, but I then I thought since I have come to not drop out, others have insisted on even 20 months down, can I even this short 20 days have insisted on not down? persevering! Whenever I think of this before I would give up my stupid and ridiculous ideas, put thoughts back to the board, when I first arrived did not play well as a cycle group , only a tenth was assigned to the second group, the first big loop I rely on the record of five straight victories to rise to the first group. In the first group stopped a few cycles, because a mistake I fall from a down, but I am not discouraged, but on the strength rose to the first group, after that, I never had from a set down, and I have a group of 3 first then, I believe that out later I will come to me more than the strong, serious, work hard, I think this is GE Road, it aims to do this winter.
feelings
this winter in the winter I learned independence, no matter what as long as they can do to make their own, GE Road in teacher education because I think that I'm under the thinking depth will increase a lot.
I learned in the Ge channel strong no matter what difficulties must be strong.
in the Ge channel I happy as Saturday or Sunday, on Saturday night will put a set of the film, when the students put the film always intently watching movies.
with us Sunday morning went to the stadium to throw sand bags and stickers of course, people say to throw sandbags can be powerful because He Yike Tang Wei killed the old to the He Yike! Post player of course, is always fun but sometimes people do not stick you would be bored.
I believe I am back some great progress at home thinking depth.
Liu Yanchen
feelings winter home Qitong
when I was playing on Qilu earth, and I began a 20-day winter camp of the devil Ge channel training love chess, this is paradise, here is hate Go to hell, learn to be strong here, and learn to defeat the spirit of undaunted in my pursuit of the goal here, there are strong opponents of the will to overcome, there are many, many hh
Although I am not the strongest but I will one day plug in a pair of strong wings, overlooking the earth, other major vendors.
where students have their own strengths, complement each other in the long short, each has benefits, where Local students to get rid of the bad habits, so mannered understanding board could not bear the punishment and the pain from squatting up and lying, is here to punish your wit is mainly ordinary, the students think there is too easy to make mistakes, the light hand swelling, back pain, severe nosebleed cross Assault wall does not necessarily fly.
hope the 20 days has made significant progress towards the game at the local level achieved outstanding results in return of teachers to teach well, teachers will not live up to my expectations.
Chang-positive winter impressions

GE Road, Ge Road, this time to participate in winter training is not just me taking a step forward to increase the level of chess, but I learned as a player should know the etiquette.
I Since about 6 years old started to learn chess, has been wanted on a well-known professional player, and I've been thinking that he is very powerful local, GE Road to Beijing to have a look, in fact, a lot of people the level of intensity than I Go , but I can not give up the ideal of professional chess, like my father say, and people riding bicycles to run, I would open the back of the car chase, as long as I not give up always in the back to catch up, and others again starting with the starting line.
rounds these days is very bad my next small cycles, since the decline in the three groups to two groups, I suddenly lost the confidence which I have played several rounds of small cycles is not well, how to rise in the two groups also did not rise up, and I was disappointed!
I want before the closure of a cycle as good as last time for several large circular upward.
trip to Beijing I learned to live independently, unlike at home, clothes to hand out rice to mouth.
trip to Beijing I learned how to Go under the good and learned to live alone, but also has a strong faith, such as iron, too, learned the truth in life.
Sushi winter feelings
inflammation
20 days in the winter which, we learned a lot more or less, some people have learned strong, some people know the effort that some people should understand that the usual respect for elders, care for students, and I was 20 days in the winter have learned to live independently.
In fact, the winter is very hard everyday life , it never received for the , there is no time to rest, and naturally it is the winter training in the winter, Beijing's weather is very cold, and cool these days is the time up so early morning exercise is very easy to frostbite toes, but is Incredibly, I actually kept going day by day.
Every morning I always the first up and finish washing those things, I usually have to go out from the rest, at night, too, hard work pays off I am the fifth from the fourth group hit the fourth in the third group.
I never thought I would not wasted effort, and perhaps a little relaxed, even dropped from the third section five groups, it seems winter in the fighting is very intense, relax, it will lag behind a lot, I quickly Cemayangbian excellent record of 5-game winning streak rose to the fourth group, but I then found out that I am more diligent than others, so when I last Youyi small round robin wins 4 losses 1 results fall back to the fifth group, although I never could rise back to the original third set, but I absolutely will not This rather sad, because I get a bigger harvest, that is, life on the road in the future, only you more diligent than others, more hard, you will get a bigger harvest.
Young Dino
GE Road, feelings winter winter
Road since he joined GE, I benefited, in the GE Road, I know what is real chess, listening to Ge's after-school teacher, I know not to play Go Under the correct chess, listening to the teachings of Wang, I learned to be strong.
learn chess at GE Road, although this time I am very tired, but I know the reason why the teachers here, we control very strict control, because They love us, they want us to more quickly improve the thinking depth and learn the true Go.
in the Ge channel, I am very happy, not only because I'm thinking depth increased, but more because I learned a lot of sense .
in the Ge channel I have sent a temper, complaining about this pipe was too strict, but I after listening to the teachings of Wang said that I wanted to re-turn over and do their own firm.
I have heard in the Ge channel Ge after-school teacher, I feel funny, but I have to admit I'm in that game of chess is indeed under the correct move, now I see, play chess not blindly kill, so sooner or later fail. real go, depends on is wisdom.
Zhu Ge Road Can
winter feelings
to GE Road, I finally know what is suffering more than 5 o'clock every morning to get up morning exercises, the results came back I have a good meal, the first a rise in the fourth group of the third set to win all three games the second group of negative results once again rise to the second group win in the second group, insurance group after three defeats and two in the second group can go up to fight this group of , won four lost the first set of a rose, but did not do well in the first group, four losses and one win down group had no idea what bothered me in the second set of four losses and one win is a pity. I've learned in Ge Road many things, lying on you can do squatting exercise. their parents can reduce the pressure of a shower, wash your socks can not let their parents do not have to worry about, your bed can learn to live their own independent I love you, GE Road, winter let me live independent. < br> Zhang Jiasen
winter feelings
this winter, my mother take me to the gym in the winter Ge Yuhong, before I attended my mother told me that the training is very hard here, and asked me if I want to participate, What pain I think I can stick with it, I can also participate in the training dojo Yeah, people dojo children about than I was, they all insist on more than one year, 20 days what I insist on not down, to Ge Yuhong temple, where the training really bitter, sitting is not correct, shaking legs and a series must get rid of bad habits, or you'll be smack squat from lying in wait, as far as I know, I have done no less than 1000 a squatting has been lying from the start played no fewer than 15 boards, but my harvest is great, I get rid of the 5 years with my legs shaking problems, thinking depth, also rose a lot, when I first came here in the 4 group, and now I have a group, also won several Group 1 game, I'm also happy Geyu Hong dojo, when we all look forward to Saturday and Sunday, because in these two days we can sleep late, watch movies, playing games, where I learned the truth in life learned to play chess seriously when the heart needs to be quiet, do not use lungs to play chess, I think in the near future, I will be the next chess better, even better, br> Zhang Haowei
winter feelings
1 月 18 that day, I came to Ge Yuhong Go Dojo, GE Road, trained in two days, I thought to myself: GE Road tube so strict, as long as the wrong things, the teacher will never relent, I do not think at this school, so I cry to her mother, wanted her mother to think of a way for me, who wants her mother said to me: there will be endless sweet to eat. ritual, the truth in life, but also know the mother said the sentence of the truth, so I insisted on up, whenever I want to give up when I would say to myself: insist, I will stick to the end.
Besides that I also learned independence and autonomy, usually at home, I wash your socks are the parents, if parents are not at home more than dirty socks and no one to wash, and now I learn in GE Road, wash their own socks.
thinking depth the most important thing is that I raised, I hit a cycle play bad bad, was in the fourth group, I was 4, 5 groups of movements between the two, but I did not lose faith , breath rose from 5 groups 2 groups, and my thinking depth increases.
Ge Road I Go learn etiquette, the truth in life and improve the thinking depth, and I gained a really big!
Zhang wing < br> winter feelings
Ge temple here, and I reflected what a End of small cycles to eat lunch, the afternoon the next two rounds of chess, and then eat dinner, eat dinner, the teacher re-disk, disk to come back to do re-finish problems.
sooner or later, certain people in our dormitory, not feet, do not brush their teeth So how I feel so rotten it in our dormitory?
I come here because of relatively late, the teacher told me to go first to a few people play chess, to try my strength, and then routed to the third group I, which I accidentally set to rise to the first two days, and then accidentally dropped to the second group all lost, but can be hired through the first set has been very good.
GE Road, were returned to thin does not necessarily less, because there was particularly strict control, not something to be wrong a little smack, since lying is to do squats, Tang Wei to GE Road, chess is not only long but also lose weight, because he was always naughty, the teacher from the penalty bench to do squats, What do both ah!
here, I learned to wash your socks, learn independence and learn to take care of themselves. here though bitter, but that we can exercise.
Yang Zongyu
winter
my first impressions Ge temple came to Beijing to study for 20 days, I sigh, I knew not to, but my old quarters with a Fu Bin, he was very young, but his fighting spirit is very strong and I also encourage from courage.
every day, in addition to playing chess, playing spectrum, multiple disk, do let me bitter life and death issue to death, but I followed the students to study hard every day, I realized that my teacher's sentence words, because usually at home mom wash your socks, but the teacher wants us to wash your own, I followed the teacher's step, a school had not that hard to wash your socks one thing, first with water to dampen the socks in the washing powder to get a little down , the water where the black socks to wash, the next four or five in the red, socks was originally a black Wu Wu has now become a vast expanse.
to Saturday night, we happily, because Saturday night a rapid games watching movies, activities, rapid games are three 30-second, usually like to play slow chess, Wu Yu, Fu Bin, Xu Jing Yang, who have performed well, and I win one, watching movies, we see that the most funny is that is the second I must learn from him.
Xu Jing Yang is the winter issue of the most life and death, he was wrong and now total 40, with an average day, the wrong two, three, I would like to learn from him They both let me know, be strong, dare to face the failure to understand the failure is the mother of success.
Xu Zehao
winter feelings
GE Road, went to Beijing to participate in winter, I learned a lot things.
I learned wash your socks, before Mom and Dad are at home to help me wash, and to here the teacher is asking us to wash your own, one night, I went to the bathroom feet, the teacher said: You should wash your socks. reuse of water will clean the water and then wring the socks, can go dry. is always one person in there playing chess, playing what is a spectrum of people to do, which I had a great workout, so I understand you have to consciously truth.
I also learned a strong, large loop have been very bad, 30 people I played 22. assigned to the fourth group, but I did not discourage fighting in the fourth group of five wins and one loss-liter four-group, but negative in the three groups of four down, but also in the four groups Four held down, then I dejected. but the victory in the fifth group inspired me to fight, they rose to the four groups, the fourth group of two wins and three defeats, and three other students than the small points, the result of small points difference of two points, once again sorry to drop, the fifth group of the record well, here I almost became a punching bag. This time I was five to six straight victories rise group of crazy record.
this winter I'm really big harvest camp.
Xie Xinyuan
thoughts
Liuchu Bo Ge temple is a crying little boy, he came to freak out GE Road tears. I do not want me to do a little cry Boy, I want to be a strong little boy.
Suyong Cheng and Ho Wang Zi is a criticism of the winter most people. the main criticisms of the small class to speak, shaking legs. I do not want me to like them I want to be fides like the little boy.
Tzong-Ru Lee, Tang Wei is the favorite throughout the winter under the blitz of the people, Tzong-Ru Lee made under the Rapid 2 days from 700 squatting lying. Tang Wei under the blitz made a total of 900 horizontal squatting , the Xie Xinyuan 800 under the blitz made a squatting lying on, see how the next blitz is a bad thing.
Xu Jing Yang is the winter of life and death question for at least the wrong question, 200 life and death was the wrong question 36 Road. I would like Xu Jing Yang learning.
leaves often music and Zhang Haowei the whole winter the most improved student, Zhang Haowei are four groups actually rose to a group. leaves often music is the four actually the next to win a set of Ho Wang Zi (in the blitz race), it's so startling. I like the leaves often have to learn music and Zhang Haowei.
Wu rain in the first place the whole winter was the greatest number of people.
Wang ship
GE Road winter camp to a GE Road
feelings, feel the different ways of learning the past, and now want to make five spectra per day, and I do not play at home, spectrum, had under half an hour I finished a game of chess, and now a hour is finished, in which I lost 5 pounds, I do not think Tang Wei, as one day from the penalty bench squatting 800, I do not know how to engage the Xuze Hao? second down from the first group of the third group, Also dropped in the final round of the small cycles in the fourth group, in the future I will strive to get good results by 6:30 to get up every day to run a good operation tired sleepy ah. I learned how to wash your socks in the Ge channel, I now fell into the fourth group so sad. I have to play in the completion of a cycle when a good result, but also in the Japanese win at, where Wang Zi and Su Yongcheng made numerous squatting lying on, endure countless board people.
Ge Tao is really br> winter feelings
Ge Road this winter, I learned many things, the teacher said, spent, but I have never stacked in the house had a quilt for the first time I have not folded, the teacher promised to teach me step by step, slowly make your bed, first quilt flat, then fold both ends of each half, then the upper and lower ends of the half stack, the last step the quilt left, right, up and down are stacked together, so done. I learned later I felt very simple. I also learned to take care of their own, and once, I had a fever, but Xu teacher is not, I see my mother gave me the medicine list, I was 37.8 when I'm sick to eat properly Yan Di, but kicked the quilt so sleep and fever, but my mother made me eat a nursing Tong eat, and I And he measured the body temperature, to pull down burning.
Last Saturday we watched , but unfortunately had to play football, but football is full of people, so we play sandbags.
in the Ge channel, although the devil-style training, but my thinking depth grow a lot, this time in the GE channel is very rewarding.
Su Yongcheng
winter feelings
heard others say the devil-type Ge channel training, when I came really is the devil-style training. Monday to Friday, can be hell, But Saturday and Sunday be heaven, can watch movies on Saturday night, Sunday night under the blitz, so be heaven. Monday to Friday it is easy to do squats bench penalty, the playing board, standing, can be desired but regular training courses to know who is so obedient, as we naughty, it is easy penalty.
I sometimes lose Shu Qi very odd, I'll come up with a fist hit the pillow, you can put a pillow as a punching bag, so that my heart will be glad to see some.
I came to Beijing Road, GE is to learn the meaning of hard work will, thinking depth will grow.
strong and independent life when their own honed, not by depending on their parents for life, in the This age we live a long way to go, so we have to seize the last few days under the guidance of chess cherish the opportunity to cherish the opportunity to talk about recovery disk, if you do in these last few days, you will be thinking depth great progress.
Su Yongcheng
winter winter
some participants are very brave little girl, but I'm still not brave, I would like them to learn, I'm most happy winter Ge Road learned to separate my own, not chess progress, because of my health, I will have the confidence to do anything, but I was most disappointed in that big loop that I played well, routed the No. 8, was assigned to the second group, but I was hit from 2 Group 3 in Group 3 and Group 4 was hit, in group 4 did not rise up the first small loop, and I think I almost become sick cats last week son, so I add a little confidence in myself, so I finally broke off the helicopter and 2, I am happy, but I dropped from 2 and 3 groups in the 3 groups did not think I won only three, the most What is surprising is 7-year-old leaves often music has won three, with me than the small points, but fortunately I have small points higher than his, I will rise group.
recently Suyong Cheng and Wang Zi always be what the teacher said, so I can not give They learn, small cycles Ng Yu won the first three first, but the fourth, fifth and sixth not Miss the rain first, but Liu Yanchen First, I will fight to his study, but the total was recently Liu Yanchen The teacher said, I can not point to his study, that civilization can learn Ng Yu, Wu Yu Go under the thrust of my students who can learn from recent advances in music often leaves much because he was originally the last group, but he Ben is now a group of straight, so I would like to learn them this advantage.
I know a lot of students here and there Ng Yu, Yang Dino, He Yike, Wang Xu and so many students are good students, but also very brave.
Go to my progress, I have learned to separate, and I and some of the students meet new, better life I am happy ah this winter.

Winter Chu Lo Camp feelings
starting from January 18, Ge winter scene begins. In the 20 days I have experienced the ups and downs in many things. acid is a lot of friends I miss home, but also with the departure of so many people training room was not used to be happy, many people. Sweet is over 20 days I insisted, so I know Shuqi shall not be afraid, it is important in this game of chess on his own what is learned is formulated and what the layout, where the under on this game of chess well, where the next well, the future must be corrected. suffering is in the 20 days running up at 6:30 every morning, every day, playing chess, sleeping late every day, the teacher scolded for no reason at all bitter . hot is it running every day for 20 days, .20 days playing chess every day, blink of an eye in the past 20 days, I know a lot of friends from around the world, learn from chess .20 days with them I remember a lot of people, old mistakes Suyong Cheng, naughty Deng Wei, Yang Jing Xu powerful, small eyes, Tzong-Ru Lee, and my good friend bedroom WANG Xu, Yang Dino, Lo Chu, Wu Yu, etc., both Ge winter dojo I benefited also let me forget.
He Yike
winter feelings
in these 20 days I learned independence, will to learn and hard work, but learned how to learn chess, love Go, where I learned many, many, perhaps you will think this is hell, maybe you will think this is paradise, as long as you love go, where will be filled with joy, here are the local master of all gathered together, like Eight Immortals, recount. perhaps they are no one at the local than the master, but here, they can only stay in the final two sets. Why? Why? why local the master, where chess was beaten only a passive object? although they seemed to be a Reiki at the local level, but here it has to die? not the level of the problem, what is it? is because the heart to the person under always stay in groups 1,2, and 3,4-group level who are not should not, but should they have no intention to go under, but so-so, stealing machine tricks. In fact, chess also know that they do not see seriously do not play chess, notation is to check the quality of their papers do not seriously considered playing chess.
Finally, I wish you all a big loop in the final achieved excellent results, hit their desired ranking, not because chess is not lost ki seriously regret.
any thoughts
Wang Zi
winter winter vacation, when my father took me to Beijing to GE Road, lear, 20 Tianzao know I need to learn not to, but to learn strong.
the 20 days I learned a lot, learned a go, also learned wash your socks, all in the house before Mom and Dad to help me wash, wash your socks day schools require their teachers hands-on teach us to wash your socks, first wet socks washed with water, then rub back and forth on washing powder in the socks, black socks to see become white as snow socks, and then hand washed a few times, to wash my socks, and in hanging in the dorm room of the radiator, the original wash your socks is that simple.
I also learned to be strong, although I hit the sixth of a cycle, in a group, but this is not my ideal goal, I am most marked with the ideal goal is to first, but this time there is no marked the first winter, but not discouraged, be strong, even in practice it this winter, when the next camp in the fight for it, the words of the ancients taught I want to be strong, the outcome is standard issue, this sentence means is that that can not be proud of winning, more efforts should not be discouraged negative of the sum to be careful where negative.
I also learned to play chess and etiquette persistent, ready to start playing chess in the time to look at each other, hand on thigh and began playing chess when the good times can not be proud of the situation, when poor form and do not immediately recognize the negative, to hold on, maybe will turn the tables.
GE Road, this is my 20 days to harvest.
winter feelings
Fu Bin
Ge Road this winter I attended I learned many things, such as: their own to their own bath at home dad always helped me to wash, bath here to look at the body washed with Shower, wiping himself with a towel in the dirt in the red click on it. talk about my results now, in large groups I loop sixteenth-seven three wins, lucky assigned to the third group, the first minor cycle I lost three group matches with almost down, the second minor cycle or three wins, but fell to defeat fourth group of the , the third small cycles rose to three wins Liangbai second and fourth minor cycle three wins Liangbai but did not rise, the fifth time I have three wins Liangbai small cycles rose to the second group, the sixth small cycles lost nearly three-set matches down, the seventh straight drop me five times small cycles of the third group, and four eighth win and one defeat after another small cycles rose to the second group, the last minor cycle, and I won a four- l lost the first set, but unfortunately this is the last minor cycle, under the guidance of chess I had eight, not a game of chess won. This winter I think Liu Yanchen done quite well, because he played a large loop thirteenth name, sub- the third group of his five-game winning streak in three groups rose again in the second group the two groups rose to a five-game winning streak is still a group took first place in the two.
Last Saturday we watched Panda days, I will be a lot of things, such as make your bed, every morning before I do not fold the quilt to rush to school, where teachers have to our own make your bed, I was shocked, I'm a little bit will not it! students I have looked in the stack, the original quilt is to first fold flat and then from left to right half, then half stack from right to left, then past the first half and then forward to the back stack stack stack forward and you're done the last half of , the original make your bed so simple it! but I also feel that increased levels of Go, the first of a cycle than the well, only the first 26 assigned to 5 groups, I am a little discouraged, I found in the small cycles Wu Rain took a group of several First, I want to beat her towards this objective, to their own fuel, I have recently rapid helicopter to the second group even I can not believe they rose to the second group, from my goal More recently, and I'm very proud of me, finally and Wu rain to come, but I found that many failures are killing Wu Yu Tai Lung to win as much as possible under her so she does not attack with an empty goal, you can win, I prepared by this method in large loop beat her, the whole winter in this I learned many things, next time I will certainly come.
Tang Wei

Export quotas to improve trade conditions and struggling under the twin goals of preventing corruption

 Published in permit approval and management of various types of exhibitions / trade fair booth distribution and use of bidding for major projects, [1] foreign trade situation, we will find that this case is just a reflection from one side of China's export quota system in improving terms of trade under the twin goals of preventing corruption and the difficult to explore.
also known as import and export quota limit is a government in a period of time the number of import and export of certain commodities or limit the amount of the direct implementation; within the prescribed time, the goods within the quota to import / export, over quota or not allowed to import / export, or must pay high only after the amount of duty or a fine import / export. The reason why many of the implementation of export quotas / license management, has deep roots.
is well known, although China is already the world's third largest trading nation, but trade pricing, trade and other aspects of income distribution has not really trading power, China's foreign trade for many years without significant improvement, or even worse, that recognized at home and abroad a true portrayal of China's foreign trade. and only in recent years highlight the Because of this, 20 years, the state has been important in efforts to strengthen coordinated management of the classification of exports, hoping to achieve improved terms of trade, increased export benefits. In this management system, coke exports ranked second category, the International market capacity is limited, with quotas and competitive, price sensitive exports, and domestic supply is limited, need to co-ordinate arrangements for the export of export commodities; the coordination of management guidance from the original plans to phase the development of export quotas to the present management. In other words, China's export quota system, the fundamental goal is to improve trade conditions for the international market pricing, to improve the effectiveness of exports.
At the same time, the intention is not right are concerned, such an export quota of well-meaning system means that rent-seeking opportunities, so the design of China's export quota system, must also comply with the maximum improvement of the goal to prevent corruption. The problem is that the dual goals may not be the complete reunification of the corresponding decisions of the export quota system in China is bound to suffer a double target suffering.
For example, if they do not consider other constraints, to minimize corruption in the process of quota allocation, public bidding is clearly the best approach. The problem is not only the existence of the normal world exporters (including traders and manufacturers), also specializes in the quota speculation speculators, and they are playing bidding mechanism is usually more skilled than the normal exporters, so it may be in the government, Chamber of Commerce hosted a market fails to win more gains proportion of the quota, and then obtain high prices in the secondary market resale, let companies export export quota system, improving the efficiency of the mind is largely in vain. In the textile quota bidding, we have seen the speculators who will be limited quota textile exports Scoop out the quota level, how high the market price; if the coke is also implemented in the same way the quota, we will encounter the same problem. Of course, in normal circumstances, the market mechanism will be bound by acts of speculators, so that the quota price is too high return. In the textile quota market, we see men and women cotton T-shirt exports to the U.S. quota in the beginning of up to $ 9 price / dozen companies as more than the capacity, to the lowest sale price in late May, there are only 0.7 to 0.8 U.S. dollars / dozen; lost Euro 4 Class T-shirt quota price by the end of April, or 2.5 U.S. dollars / dozen, in late May and only 0.7 U.S. dollars / dozen. [2] However, this situation is difficult to completely copy the coke market, the price is too high because the quotas, textile Clothing manufacturers can reduce production or even suspension, led return to the quota price; but coke ovens can not turn off, or we need to set aside, so the quota of coke in the ability of speculators blackmail companies speculators in the textile quotas.
any control, any public authority are have the possibility of corruption, but the simple deregulation, regulatory reform, or not well-thought instead of the negative effects may be greater, we can not without caution. Of course, in any case improve the coke quota system, are necessary to strengthen and clean government essential.
background in the broader investigation, we can also see this problem more far-reaching significance. in addressing the increasing trade friction, the trading partners may require us to export restrictions, then , negotiation and consultation with trading partners in the solution, when we should seek to persuade each other and our common solutions to minimize the risks of corruption in it? After all, in the world, international trade is plagued by corruption, not only transnational bribery (transnational bribery) is the international trade community has long raised the issue, the United States, also by Anne. Krueger in a policy of protectionism in international trade, the causes of the paper Trade schools also rent-seeking theory of public choice school of two schools side by side. in China practice, the media pointed out that the investigation of corruption cases in China, 64% and international trade and foreign-related, although this figure may not be accurate, but early former deputy director of Beijing Municipal People's Congress Hong Kong Ren Tieying accepting huge bribes case, until brought to light in recent years, Lucent and other cases have been continuously sounded a warning to us. Even China's current turmoil in the anti-commercial bribery, root of the matter, also results from Nankai University Professor Cheng Baoku realizing the US-owned company in Tianjin Depp articles written by bribery case. If we only consider the requirements to meet each other, reducing friction, the solution may be to increase the risk of corruption, it may not be able to achieve the original purpose.
[1] > [3] In 1976, Chairman of the Senate Subcommittee on Transnational Corporations, Democrats discovered Lockheed Church 1970m1975 years to kickbacks, political donations, grants and other forms of a total of 202 million to overseas bribery.
Appendix: report Original
scandal hurt the business and government, Shanxi Coke quota Woan exposure
Central Discipline Inspection Commission, Shanxi, coke quota major Coke and more people nationwide quota Woan exposed tip of the iceberg.
fact several months, often in front of Taiyuan City People's Procuratorate, Passengers big mouth glimpses of what happened, but so far, his is not clear details are a closely guarded secret, almost all the people are about Ministry of Commerce of Shanxi Province, a department or bureau level cadres to do the business of coke export quotas for corporate executives, sources said as many as hundreds of people involved.
Bit for Discipline Inspection Committee of Shanxi Province (Shanxi Discipline) laments source within the system.
an accidental fuse
all cattle from the Shanxi Coke Group Chairman Newman was , attitude is extremely hard, on his own account of things that do not want to do any, a Denial of attitude, this Commission for Discipline Inspection of the comrades began a large area of investigation. Xinmin cattle have been the case did not involve illegal quota of coke and corruption, Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection in the investigation, but found the process of reselling quota on coke significant clues and corruption. br> 2005 in the second half, was formally arrested Xinmin cattle, the main crime is suspected of accepting bribes and huge amount of property of unknown origin, is currently detained more than 100 kilometers away from Taiyuan, Yangquan outside the detention center. cattle Newman of the former vice president of Shanxi Coal Transportation and Marketing Corporation In 2002, after the establishment of Shanxi Coke Group as its chairman for the department level cadres. Shanxi Coke Group, a source, cattle Xinmin in the company, at the helm for a very strong man, a character quite stubborn, but he also recognition of the Shanxi coke industry bigwigs , do not match, do not explain, nor with the judicial investigation and evidence gathering, they were investigated further investigation, the more search results more problems, cattle Newman's two sons and his son have been in the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the survey involved in.. Ping, which involved a coke quota corruption. Before the Spring Festival this year, Fan Ping Commission for Discipline Inspection in Shanxi Province, use of its coke export quota in the hands of 216 million yuan of bribes .6 13, Taiyuan's Procuratorate prosecuted by the Ping Fan reselling quota case in Taiyuan Intermediate People's Court trial. as the case of large, discipline inspection departments and court leaders also present in court as observers. Fan Ping, female, 47 years old, graduate degree, before the incident, Department of Shanxi Coke Group Managing Director, union president, and chairman of the International Trade Group and general manager.
cattle by Newman and Ping Fan Shanxi Coke Group, serving the former coke in Shanxi Coal Transportation and Marketing Corporation, the company, the provincial Waimao Ting coke export service center and three other units in 2002 merger of both companies, but also on behalf of the Government to exercise management functions in some industries. Shanxi All provincial and export of coke out of province, must be issued by the Group related to permits and bills, and on behalf of the government extracted about 30 yuan per ton, energy funds and service fees, management fees two charges.
although so far not yet produced a ton of coke, but the group is in the Shanxi coke industry can do anything they want the boss, the hands of the Ministry of Commerce has also allocated a quota of coke. Shanxi Coke Association affiliated to the group below, Association secretary-general of the group serve as a vice president.
the Commission for Discipline Inspection, said informed sources within the system, cattle do so , the more search results more problems.
Although cattle Newman's attorney, Shanxi Li Fei, director of the Yellow River Law Firm are certain that the current master of the situation, cattle and quota Xinmin not directly related to the case, but corruption and huge assets of unknown origin. But Coke pulled the quota case this thread, and the officers involved in more and more companies are involved in the spread.
from Shanxi to Beijing
quota case and found the case not only for the spread of the spread down to business and find a lot of clues and corruption directed at the Ministry of Commerce a number of relevant personnel. , and involves a trend of expansion, then, Shanxi Province, a major problem Discipline feeling, the case directly to the quota of coke to the Central Discipline Inspection Committee report (Central Commission for Discipline Inspection).
quota of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of coke formed a special investigation team series of cases, CPC Central Committee Secretariat of the CPC Central Discipline Inspection Committee, the central commercial bribery Yong himself as the group leader of the team leader.
Central Discipline Inspection Commission intervention, companies and officials involved more involved in, followed by the Ministry of Commerce Foreign Trade Division Director Dan Meng industrial exports were arrested, an official of the National R & S Office is also involved in the case were arrested. At the same time there is a Ministry of Commerce Secretaries of cadres and several other officials sacked.
learned that Dan Meng Central Discipline Inspection Commission before the Spring Festival this year Discipline Inspection Commission and sent to the personal supervision of Taiyuan. This year the Spring Festival, Fan Ping incident, Commission for Discipline Inspection and the prosecution of the Anti-Corruption Bureau deeper investigation, and further identified in a number of enterprises involved in Shanxi Province, and officials.
which is more concern is the deputy general manager of Shanxi Coking Coal Group, Shanxi Coking Coal Group International Development Limited Chairman and General Manager Yang Xue-Quan, 3,4 months of this year, Yang Xue, Taiyuan judiciary have all been arrested, together with the Deputy level cadres were also arrested Coke export department of the company responsible Gao Jie. At present, Taiyuan, Shanxi coke nine International Trade Building, the international logistics company deserted Group, Shanxi Coking Coal Group International Development Limited head office in Beijing has been transferred back to Taiyuan. It a Beijing company to do business reselling quota official told reporters that they and Shanxi Coking Coal Group International Development Limited's office in Beijing who are familiar.
Shanxi Coking Coal Group, Department of International Development Co., Ltd. Xishan Coal and Electricity Group into the former export company, last year, total exports of 1.8 million. its shareholders including the Meijin Energy Group, Sunshine Coking Group, the industry coking Group, five coal companies Lin, Tung Fai Coking Group and several private Shanxi coke export large.
the same time, to take coercive measures by the judiciary was also head of Shanxi Song Jianping ceremony commerce company. It is understood the 40-year-old on the coke side exit the industry with big characters, because bribery was to buy a quota arrested. The name of the company hung on Commerce, Shanxi Province, import and export volume has reached more than $ 50,000,000.
not small, a lot of coke production in Shanxi coke export enterprises and enterprises are involved in it. According to Shanxi has rich experience in handling cases of an estimate, the official convicted to life imprisonment or the death penalty is likely.
Commission for Discipline Inspection System, a source said the central government is very concerned about the case and a resolute attitude, as long as with the case involved officials will be dealt with, level leaders are concerned about is the Central Commission for Discipline supervise the handling of major cases this year. established within the coal industry have set off a purge of the storm. Recently, the Taiyuan City area 8 in 6 districts over the Secretary of coal pipe was arrested because of the city during the coal exploration mapping survey and mapping firms to accept bribes and kickbacks . The Shanxi Provincial Department of Commerce was held June 6 and again in 11 cities across the province and Tingzhi Business Bureau and the organs of all the leaders of the unit staff meetings to further clarify the business system in Shanxi Province's four key commercial bribery, the first is the import and export quotas, licenses and management approval.
case
Fan Ping Ping Fan and Shanxi Coke Group is the case in this series Woan typical case. Fan Ping reselling process twice to get the quota substantial rebates .2004 April, Shanxi Coke Group International Trade Co., Ltd. (international trading company) get 2 million tons of coke export quota, the United Shanxi Wenfeng Coking Plant Fenyang City (March 2005 changed its name to Shanxi Wenfeng Coking Co., Ltd., hereinafter referred to Wenfeng company) sales charge Kongmou that will get a international trading company when he was vice chairman, general manager of Ping Fan 2 million tons of coke export agent negotiation matters. Both sides agreed that the company Wenfeng International trading company paid $ 182 per ton fee, equivalent to 30.066 million yuan, and the other 200 million .2004 Fu Fanping commission April 16, Wenfeng International Trade Company and signed by 2 million tons of coke export agency agreement .4 19, Wenfeng's hole will be 30.066 million yuan Yan agency fee paid to the international trading company accounts, Fan Ping 200 million to the commission, according Hanson prior agreement from the Mining Co., Ltd. Tianjin Development Zone into the range specified in Jin Ping West Rail Construction Company at the first construction account. Fan Ping appropriation to this section.
2005 年 10 months, the international trading company and receive 2 million tons of coke export quotas. was already the scope of international trade Ping, chairman of the company's Kongmou Wenfeng negotiate with the 2 million tons of coke export business convention: Wenfeng International Trade Company Company paid $ 9 service charge per ton, and the other paid $ 1 per ton of Ping Fan commission .2005 October 12, Wenfeng International Trade Company and the Company entered into purchase and sale agreement of 2 million tons of coke .2005 October 20, Kongmou phone call to take 16 million commission Ping Fan, Fan Ping, to make Panmou International Trade Building, lobby on behalf of the hands from the hole back 160,000 yuan Yan and let Panyu on behalf of their custody.
public prosecutor that the defendant received bribes Ping Fan behavior has violated the provisions of the Criminal Law, crime facts are clear, there is ample evidence, should be held criminally responsible for taking bribes.
but is interesting, Fan Ping, attorney, Shanxi University School of Law Dean Fan Ping Wang Jijun done for the defense of not guilty, and his reason is that This is the normal commission, Provincial Coke Group Co., Ltd International Trade coke exports in the agency business, there is a hard fact of reselling quota. In this case, Shanxi coke and Wenfeng Group only Joint coking plant sat in a project to increase the resale of more than 3,000 million .2004 revenue quota in May, the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Land Resources, Business Administration, Taxation, Environmental Protection Administration, China Banking Regulatory Commission, State Electricity Regulatory Commission and other ministries on the release of ten Opinions coke industry norms, industry, there is a story well known, one of Shanxi's coke business owners, to the Ministry of Commerce to run the quota given to the direct opening of BMW car officials who help.
around to find the Ministry of Commerce officials in Shanxi Provincial Department of Commerce Office of quotas, we do not know to have come back. Some transfers of quotas, about 200 million tons. many companies is to fight through some very means this part of the quota. Summing up all the news, this part of the to 200 tons, can be accounted for about one-tenth of the total quota, and that this part of the gray area has become a high incidence of corruption.
Ministry of Commerce of the total quota of coke per year is relatively fixed, 03 coke reached a total of 14.7 million tons, in 2004 13 million tons, 14 million tons in 2005. within the Ministry of Commerce issued the quota volume is twice the annual coke export quota allocation. sometimes be added.
a claim to Beijing got the quota directly from the Ministry of Commerce, who told reporters that he as the Director of the Ministry of Commerce has a certain personal relationship, you can still get coke export quota, the current market price $ 13 per ton.
Do you want to rest assured that I can take you to the Ministry of Commerce talk, without an export license, and I also helped to do. have to find a company affiliated. I was an intermediary will still be friends and talk about the Ministry of Commerce. In addition to at least 10 million tons quota start. to the quota if the quota of the company to buy a quota is more convenient. Another way to get that part from the Ministry of Commerce of quota transfers, this thing is not necessarily beautifully shy, the first time to wait, because the quotas are based on actual transfers given situation, sometimes a number, sometimes not. Also in the relationship between the Ministry of Commerce is also hard not a critical factor in the hard, can not find the right people are critical. Therefore, if energy consumption can afford time to go this road. 90% quota should be to help people out, black go again. Element!
quota of coke inside the scarce resources there is another form of transaction in the industry more widely, and that is rampant within the industry reselling quota issue.
export enterprises in Shanxi, a person in charge of coke Introduction Road, Shanxi coking enterprises in the export of so many, that many of them are no quotas, no export license. then only from other companies to buy back quota.
the industry is a relatively safe thing. people greedy, stretched to the following business too long, so things were not done. Some individuals also pay the price to buy quota to the following enterprises to reach out rebate. brokers to reporters about the process of reselling quota: If you want to do business he did not export quota of coke, the first foreign companies to find their first single, find a buyer, and then find that companies are willing to transfer the export quota. these things done, Coke enterprises, foreign buyers, with a quota of a joint enterprise tripartite agreement signed, while coke enterprises with foreign and quotas were the companies signed a confidentiality agreement. This agreement can be signed for two years to five months. coke enterprises first found to be responsible for the coke wagon shipped to Tianjin Port, so that a quota of enterprises as agents of this coke enterprises to use their hands to complete the coke export quota.
final settlement with the agents directly to foreign buyers, agents Business re-settlement and coke enterprises, in addition to agency fees, the cost of the quota, the other will hit the coke business. phenomenon. even if some companies have staff to do so, his company will not tolerate, it is the industry's rules. the sky was shrouded in smoke gray, close to the street outside was covered with layers of ash, from time to time a vehicle passing truck loaded with coke, stirring up waves of dust. It is understood that this and Jiexiu City large and small coal town does not exist on Homestead coke more than 100 enterprises, which have larger Shanxi Meijin Group and Aetna shares of listed companies.
Jiexiu City Office of the Secretary-General told reporters that at present the coke enterprises are struggling on the edge of loss, Jiexiu City has cut the number of small coke enterprises, now surviving in the maintenance of most of coking enterprises, almost all started less than most companies 50%.
coke in Shanxi Province, according to Association, a source, since last year, the sharp decline in exports of coke in Shanxi, and enterprises in general bad, and had focused on investment in production capacity began to release an annual capacity of 05 grew 25% to 30%, at the same time, Shanxi The coke consumption did not increase, due to the implementation of the national steel industry policy, the province's 200 to 300 cubic meter blast furnace steel-making was also a lot of close, Shanxi coke excess exception. another blow from the price, coal prices continue to rise, the decline in the price of coke, coke CIF Guangzhou, south, have recently ex-factory price was flat out and Shanxi, Shanxi coke enterprises worse.
then exported into the dream of many companies to save their own business. Shanxi Province, a Coke export trading company in the middle laying bare the secrets of the industry. He told reporters that the State Customs Protection of coke export price of a current record in the customs protection of the offshore minimum price of 155 dollars, many companies offer all the coke export 160 U.S. dollars. The price itself higher than the domestic price of coke.
Buyers should be much faster, generally two weeks or one month of funds will be able to arrive. another third-party bank credit and guarantees, the relative risks and do the domestic market to be small.
back to look at the domestic market, as many domestic steel mills can not guarantee its effectiveness, so coke enterprises arrears owed more common phenomenon. are inadequate, especially small businesses, their liquidity, loans from banks is difficult, the upstream direct impact on arrears buyers coke enterprises to survive. that the coke export quota was less than export demand, export quota speculation is very high. For example, prices of export quotas in 2004, even more than the 200 U.S. dollars / ton at a time when the export price of metallurgical coke is 450 U.S. dollars / ton.
around the Spring Festival this year, Taiyuan, Houma, Yuncheng and other places in conjunction with the coke enterprises Industry Association, had problems with the increase in quota negotiations with the Shanxi Provincial Department of Commerce, Chamber of Commerce quickly report related to the Shanxi Province, the province to the business Department report. then to send personnel to the Ministry of Commerce of Shanxi to investigate the problem of excess production capacity, reduce inventory to find ways to increase exports. But can not wait for Shanxi province, Shanxi coke merchants, directly bypassing the government and associations, some of the Ministry of Commerce to conduct personal bribes to get export quotas, the Ministry of Commerce said a person, through the relevant delivery note leading to the phenomenon of so many approved quota.
He said the Ministry of Commerce back in 2004 to have things checked reselling quota, requiring businesses and individuals may not be sold coke export quota license, and set up special telephone. but not thorough investigation of the role.
who introduced an internal Ministry of Commerce, the annual quota of enterprise applications in November, about the end points to the enterprise. in the past years, the quota allocation is basically planned and unplanned business enterprises in two parts, the unplanned part of the enterprise is used to adjust the.
Shanxi Province Department of Commerce Director who is familiar with foreign trade, told reporters, location around the coke export enterprises shall apply for the provincial commerce department. the provincial commerce department under the qualification standards for coke export enterprises, application of the region's companies export quota of coke qualification review, and in November 20, 2004 to present areas eligible list of export enterprises, the written comments submitted to the Ministry of Commerce of first instance (with business-related materials), copied to the CCCMC China. Department of Commerce, business and trade enterprises to meet the qualification standards Ah yo.
Chinese Ministry of Commerce of Metals Minerals & Chemicals Import and Export Chamber of Commerce, China Coking Industry Association, the coke export quota of enterprise applications for the qualifications for review. CCCMC from China After review of the qualified local coke coke export enterprises and export enterprises in the central management summary of recommendations made and on November 30, 2004 reported to the Ministry of Commerce. According to the Chinese Ministry of Commerce of the review CCCMC views on all parts of the declared coke export enterprise eligible for validation, and to be publicized, pursuant to which payment of the coke export quota.
but a Deputy Director of Shanxi Provincial Department of Commerce also recognized that the Ministry of Commerce Which companies get for the number of quota, and now there is no explicit requirements, generally within the control according to the situation the Ministry of Commerce.
coke export quota for the various problems arise, a coke export enterprises in Shanxi Province, according to people present to discuss how the industry is to change the current quota allocation, according to his introduction is likely to take the national allocation of the tender.
Yang said China Coking Industry Association, we have a letter to the Commerce Department's report on quota reform coke, it is recommended qualifications of export enterprises or trading companies approach the implementation of the tender bid export quotas allocated by the government departments and related associations, chambers of commerce management committee composed of the tender bid, I hope, like the textile industry as a pilot tender or auction.
Now that so many loopholes in the quota allocation system, easy to breed corruption. too opaque, unfair distribution of the master the power of life and death, right there is no effective supervision, the quota can be assigned to too few qualified enterprises.
an industry sources, on coke exports, the state must be controlled, the future will not increase, only decrease. because the coking industry pollution is serious, many European countries has been discontinued, but we can not value left to others, the pollution left themselves, but we have to keep coke in the international market right to speak, this is our only basis for the right to speak with coke energy products, if the hole opened, and we are negotiating other imported energy products, there is no reasonable the bargaining power of the.
CCCMC Ministry of metals and minerals commodities, said Guo of China, have not yet heard of quota system to do coke, do not notify the.
his view, the coke and textile not the same, is unlikely to take the tender approach, although the quota is expedient, but can think of is currently the best solution. of the international coke coke exports account for 70% of the volume, hit the market after the opening of too much was. But under the current system it is possible to adjust, such as in a tilted more to the quota of production enterprises, a large supporting the superior angle to help avoid the agent and by proxy, so that trading companies phased out.
(newspaper Reporter Liu Changjie also contributed to this article)

Rereading what Shanhaiguan sigh before the world had lost its beauty

 Rereading the soldiers, has often been regarded as battle-troops, that the combat is extremely strong. In fact, battle-true, how fine it might not be fine.
I always thought that both the organization, tactics, training , the equipment, or strategic thinking, Lee's army is not a strictly high-quality troops.
this is primarily a problem of the environment.
can not be divorced from any social group, social environment general constraints, above the top of the social environment. For example, we can not imagine what the Chinese A A clubs have entered the list of world-class teams, because there are so smelly the Chinese football, your opponent is eggs, you are even the most strong, at most they develop into an ostrich egg, not turned to stone, because neither the conditions nor the need.
and Rereading the environment in which what? is a very low level of the Ming military, every aspect of the whole community is full collapse of the Ming.
the beginning of the Ming founding, the military is still very powerful, but because of various reasons (not nonsense here), just after a few years, the Ming Dynasty military base began to decay, to the late Ming Dynasty, government forces have been thoroughly corrupted, the difference between their combat effectiveness, I can not use simple language to describe, in short, how do you imagine is not too much.
it or give an example:
common sense, the most frequent military war, often the military would be more powerful point. the late Ming Dynasty, Ji Liao line, is the Jurchen Mongolia and later the main battle area, only a few decades up to the Ming dynasty bear the task of foreign wars Military, during which a generation had also famous Qi rectifying up to fifteen years.
, however, is such a front-line military, in Xiongting Bi arrival, the situation is what it?
full list of members of the armed forces, the division less than half the actual number was found, and the dispatch of the task Shiyou reduced by half, and on the battlefield, the more than agents just quickly disappeared; cavalry horses suffering from hunger initiative in order to avoid combat missions, incidentally, horse stealing and selling materials, if the horses actually run into battle No hunger walk, simply kill the horse; troops with equipment, have long locked in a warehouse left to decay, never maintained, most of the equipment the soldiers do not even call out the name, are stored gunpowder Results into blocks, cut with an ax are not open; all Division, fielding the most basic level this low-level military officers, but still no one clear where we stand in the end how many men themselves, let alone understand their own soldiers; soldiers chronically hungry, naked more than half of people get sick, could not carry the most common conventional weapons, eight more staff, and not because of fighting, but Dongnei Suozhi; field army with armor, a considerable part is actually made of paper; was when the second of soldiers, in addition to a kitchen knife, have not seen any other weapons hh
This is the most powerful military under the jurisdiction of the Ming Dynasty's did not say when the collapse of the Ming economy, resulting in terrible poverty of the whole society, so that he could not provide a true force for their excellent training and equipment conditions, so a single opponent, limiting the further increase of his military What is necessary to over rivals too much? it is not waste? say, and he is roving bandits, military terms, in the learner's position, his teacher (ie opponents) itself so, to whom he , where to learn more capacity out of the military organization do?
so that the environment has been decided, Li Zicheng there is no need of troops can not become a truly elite division.
In fact, ten rebel Li Tzu-cheng years, most of the time not as good as his troops fighting government forces. After all, he has only the desperate refugees and the robbery of the bandits, is the standard mob, so long battle with government forces, he was fighting and repeated failed, many times almost been eliminated several times forced to surrender.
he really only three or four beautiful scene with the victory. From 1640 he began to re-enter Henan, various reasons (mainly due to pressure on all sides strength of long-term fight began under the Ming dynasty collapsed, and severe famine, etc.), the adherents of his sudden and substantial increase short period of time to reach the hundreds of thousands of the public (in the past ten years, he almost did not reach over ten thousand human scale), and operational in a few years, he won more negative small, the strength of this snowball and grow strong.
from then on, Li Zi Cheng's military strength has been a qualitative leap, from roving bandits to semi-finished changes in the regular army. It has many causes, such as a large number of seized, a large number of instigation, prisoners, army troops joined the absorption, Niu Jinxing other important talents for him to complete the establishment of formal organizations, etc., not because a few words of so clear. But there is one point in the past little attention, but I find it very important that Liu Zongmin join.
I think that is Li Zi Cheng Liu Zongmin important reason for the completion of military expansion. He was army officer, to understand the regular army organization and operation, and that a stronger military capabilities of individuals (total units outstanding ability to corrupt and does not contradict a single general produce), he joined the military changed from the original Li Zicheng troops, bandits loose mode to a certain extent, this unit has undergone a qualitative change. Although the source of the heterogeneous forces Rereading the short term can not be all the troops who are trained regular army, but Liu Zongmin at least established a regular pattern to achieve the main force . follow Rereading the old bandits and a lot of late but was able to join Liu Zongmin bandits in the underworld in the strict rules, quickly promoted to the highest position of military command, both visible Rereading the Use of Personnel, see also Liu The military can certainly alarming, the role of Rereading will also crucial.
But then again, do not underestimate the enemy, Li Zicheng will fail. Dashun because of his military, not the number of far less than the other, than on the strength of Manchuria Jingji far off.
full of soldiers fighting to be analyzed, probably have to write a book or two, I am also unable to talk about it more, in short, , just from the nomadic tribes in the womb, in honed through years of war in Manchuria in the cavalry, the strength of the army than the Ming or Rereading the bandits, much higher.
several levels that exceed the strength of opponents the one hand, the nomadic tribes from the original residues in the wild (cold weapons, primitive man is always far more powerful than the civilized man, in terms of physical strength or fighting spirit, which is the inevitable result of the pressure of survival), while rooted in their needs of the weak against the strong: its national strength to deal with many times more than the enemy, only many times more than opponents fighting (this, Rereading not available, slightly stronger than the opponent as long as he can). there on the one hand, it is the ability of leaders from Nurhachi to Taiji, Dorgon, military leaders in Manchuria are amazing military genius, it is strong than Rereading out too much should be said that this personal command capability is also critical.
Here, suddenly want to say a few off topic:
remember 1990, I visited the National Palace Museum Exhibition weapons (Unfortunately, this museum is closed soon, and I was many times to the Forbidden City, never to see it open ), the shock was brought me, and now I remember so clearly.
---- I saw Nurhachi, Taiji, on behalf of the good, kind of equipment and others Duoergun original. < br> This is where the largest and most important weapons Nurhaci, I still remember his knife, more than half an inch thick on the back, six more than a meter long blade, plus a long-dragging, thick handle was scary , so heavy, so long knife, text annotation is actually body, not the stereotype of the curvature of the bow, almost like a straight thick trunk), wide like the little fan of the These kind of subversion once the cold steel of my size to those of the original image I never actually thought of a living person can use such heavy weapons.
Also featured are Nurhaci through the chain mail, see this piece of iron clothes, I realized, the use of these weapons, is a repeat itself tall, majestic giant.
Interestingly, Taiji and other weapons used by his sons, than Nurhaci slightly smaller light (of course, is still alarming wide, heavy), I can only guess, perhaps, of life over Nurhachi, reducing the genetic quality, but his sons and his not so magnificent bar.
exhibition is very interesting to one), brought back the people sigh and fantasy unlimited.
Nurhaci family is full of Manchuria Is the strongest man? good, even if we are right, Manchu cavalry general of the strong, still in his and his sons are in the super heavyweight giant weapons, no doubt drawn the conclusion (think of the children of the decline was the speed of the Eight Banners, very sentimental enough).
and nomadic farming less than fighting the nation. < br> In the long years of corruption, hunger, the environment to survive the horrors of the farmers bandits, physically I am afraid to be less convincing.
a discount of sixty thousand farmers, and Ning Wu Sangui relationship before the cavalry fighting hard all day in Shanhaiguan, During the outcome of each other. However, Li and Liu Zongmin Zuozhen blind, the fierce, and always encouraged the brothers fight hard. Both sides are doing their best to win the balance of pressure to their side. to the afternoon, both sides have sent the final reserve , Liu Zongmin charge of the battle personally. With the striker off the retreat rather cavalry, Dashun military victory must have issued a howling, right?
Dorgon do anything.
Sangui only repeated pleading, begging and more Seoul Gun reinforcements.
until Sangui seeing the hopeless situation, go to the Dorgon army, agreed to all conditions of his (originally full of soldiers, he asked, and said good, into surrender), but also clearly see Dorgon battle, both sides have the power to end soon, see the Li Zicheng spent force, this issued the attack order.
tired exhausted, thanks to your foot We continue to win support for the troops fighting Dashun Sangui about ready to launch the final blow to the occasion, sunny bang bang: braids soldiers coming!
not a little, is several times more than their own, to wait at Plaza of the force, is invincible over the Tartars!
So, collapsed.
fact, I have always felt that Shanhaiguan war itself, though dramatic, but it is only the result, is a matter of course.'d fight those early has happened before, is the real, deep-seated reasons, these reasons, the decision prior to the battle completely and the outcome of the next few decades of history.
that is worthy of our attention.
many reasons, including some of the content I mentioned earlier, it includes a number of posts in this space can not accommodate the deeper social analysis. once into the deep historical analysis, and social rationality content, can not help but dull, not suitable for online discussion, so I just make up some of the surface revealed the military in nature, as talk of things.

The next three years China will continue rapid growth of real estate - Ren Hui grass - Yang Fengbin - Focus Bo ...

 NO: 167
the long run, China's real estate boom grows. At least the next three years China's real estate industry, there are still long-term growth potential, which is based on the following 40 reasons:
1. Economy Growth: China's economy has continued double-digit growth for many years, sustained economic growth will inevitably bring about urban development, housing expansion, increased investment and excess liquidity. Chinese people's average income would be almost doubling every 4 years, people buy Housing and investment capacity also increases, while the change in the quantity and quality of housing the most pressing of the middle class more number of families were The pull of gravity and the number of related industries (over 90), the real estate industry has a long-term future will definitely various cities in the country and the most important pillar industry;
3. population stocks: China The population has more than 13 million people, and is still growing. in China's huge population and family total, there are still a significant proportion (about 70%) has not really solve the housing problem;
4. Population Increment: Each year, China's population of about 1,000 million increments, which is a near Australia (the land area of China close to) the number of the total population, only the population caused by the incremental annual increment is about housing 100 million square meters (taking into account the urbanization rate);
5. Population Quality: The quality of China's population change. With the economic and technological development, life expectancy is increasing (compared with 1995, average population in China today life expectancy increased by nearly 2 years old), health in the upgrading, improvement of the knowledge structure, which houses the required quantity and quality of people's requirements are changing;
6. population structure: population aging has become an inevitable trend China's population aged over 60 has exceeded 300 million. population average life expectancy in the property market has a direct impact, choice;
7. 换房 needs: the current world's largest construction sites and housing markets are in China. In the fierce competition, residential products are constantly upgrading and updating, to attract qualified people to invest. China the most important commodity in the current housing market is to improve the structure of demand, that demand for residential wards. there are more than half the residents are not satisfied with the existing housing conditions. At present Chinese urban per capita housing area of about 26 square meters, the number of not large, there is need for improvement. The per capita living space increased by 1 per square meter, the country will add 1.3 billion square meters of housing demand;
8. Second Suite: With the middle class and wealth groups Development (China in the middle class in society, the proportion is 11.9%, Social Sciences Academic Press launch of the increasing family, the purpose of a self-occupied, investment and investment plus occupied;
9. demolition buildings: the process of urbanization mean that the city continue the transformation and expansion of the national need for the demolition of housing each year the number of homes up to 100 million households square meters. At the current split in many cities, will remain thus add 1 to 1.5 million square meters of housing demand;
10. policy class room: the current government pushing low-cost housing, affordable housing price categories of housing and other policies, will increase such the amount of housing development, while helping to separate the housing market. In order to protect low-income families, especially low-income housing, is taking a series of policies at all levels of government. Let the 1.3 billion people truly realize the In addition, the previous different conditions of marriage for young people today are changing, young people get married the required housing market has become one of the important structures. Some experts pointed out that some countries in Europe and America, young people are generally about ten years after graduation just buy a house, the main buyers were over the age of 35. And not only in China, most home buyers is 25 years old to 30-year-olds, but there is also a graduate to buy a house, buy a house to buy a ward of the phenomenon. There survey, 25 to 28 year olds have become the backbone of the purchase.
12. Investment awakening: China's savings deposits of urban and rural residents has more than 20 trillion yuan. but on the whole, most people investment has only just begun awakening consciousness. At present the Chinese people in the country for an effective channel for financial investment is very limited, and the stock market 13. remote home: whether it is personal investment or to help friends and relatives to buy a house or a convenient off-site work in different places growing number of people buying real estate. tourist resort destination property is gradually beginning to receive attention;
14. Lifestyle: China The cities have from the modern, post-modern city of the industrial age, the state of progress of post-industrial era, people's lifestyle demands of living is undergoing fundamental change. With the progress of cultural life, people have settlements a higher demand, the new settlements pay more attention to the theme of living culture, for example --- health, self-cultivation, sports, arts and recreation and more. Chinese people each year nearly normal holiday and business calendar days annual leave about 20%, many families on the the money must first home buyers, this culture is difficult to change in the short term. According to the survey, urban residents in China the proportion of income spent on buying up to 30%. In the past, the traditional the world under one roof distance. well, most people are not accustomed to renting, which makes the rental rate of the Chinese people in the world appears to be quite low. qualified people to prefer to buy a house not to rent, this is a difficult to change cultural practices;
16. Business development: analysis of the Italian agency that 2004 was the equivalent of China's retail industry in Italy, and from five years later (2009), the annual growth rate in China's retail sector will be equal to one Italy. With the rapid progress in the purchasing power of the people, rural and urban China in the future there will be a huge commercial development, and commercial development will bring new life and development opportunities;
17. local development: local-based national development development, local development is one of the most important driving force of land use and land value of the cascade realization. At present, local financial revenue in the proportion of land revenue as high as 50%, can be described as the has sufficient political power;
18. Urbanization: Thirty years ago, China's urban population of just 172 million, now stands at 577 million. Currently, China's urbanization rate of about 45% of the population, while the medium-developed countries an average of 61%, high-income countries the average is 78%. South American country of Brazil is a developing country, the city has reached 86% rate. China is still much room for urban development. population urbanization rate increased by 1%, it means the new urban population of about 1,300 million, adding approximately 325 million square meters of housing demand;
19. City Progression: cities above the county level up to nearly three thousand. With the development of cities on a inevitably occur the rising cost of business, various types of cities will was The transformation of the old city has never stopped. In addition to building the necessary protection, the large number of the old city should be modified, can also be modified to be transformed. outskirts of many cities are also in full swing in villages for reconstruction, which will help the transformation of the rural economy and efficient use of land;
21. land supply: historical and geographical factors in China's densely populated. can be used for urban construction land is strictly controlled. The more intense the supply of land, people housing requirements are often more intense. ecological restoration sites, land for agricultural structure adjustment, disaster, and special land use, land. China's coastline is very long, relatively developed eastern regions, under a reasonable plan, take full advantage of offshore resources, land reclamation, the development of a good way to live ;
22. attitudes, expectations of a large drop in house prices does not mean change;
24. International differences: an important coastal city in eastern China, especially Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other international city prices, and the Asia Pacific region with the type of cities (such as Tokyo, Seoul, Taipei, Hong Kong and Singapore, etc.) than price, there are still several times the gap. In addition, China's real estate construction industry share of GDP, with just over 10% of GDP in developed countries, the proportion of real estate in the for a long period of time more than 20%;
25. foreign hot money: RMB appreciation is expected to make a lot of hot money overseas home buyers want to get through the territory of special benefits. According to statistics, the influx of hot money in the first quarter of $ 85,100,000,000, the highest value in history;
26. to pay, this may involve tens of thousands of millions of dollars in capital structure in the property market has become an important factor;
27. Economic Security: As the real estate at the national and local economic role of the pillars of the role of governments at all levels and do not want to house prices and sales of ups and downs, this is a potential serious threat to national economic security issues. an already over 80% of people have their own state property, caused by falling home prices will not agree with the people of state;
28. social stability: As the real estate industry and its market economy and people's lives in a very special status, the healthy development of real estate combined effects of the country's huge. Stability is the first one, the industry control policies should be adapted to local conditions and has a floor;
29. policy change: the current real estate policy in the remaining contents of some unreasonable, some of the policy is only temporary. With the advancement and improvement of future policies, Real estate will be more rational development;
30. return to reason: After a series of policy measures in recent years, the harsh strict action, the real estate business development activities and the market behavior of the people has been gradually rationalized, it would will effectively influence the future growth of industry rationalization;
31. the housing industry: the Ministry of Construction has been pushing the greatly improve and accelerate the construction of various types of housing;
32. large enterprises into the line: As in the market, raw materials, technology and many other factors, the industry is becoming more competitive. In contrast, real estate has been a profit margin The industry is relatively high, and many large enterprises are concerned about the conditions and have entered the industry;
33. plant relocation: the reform and opening up, many Chinese cities the rapid development of suburban industrial park, and now these parks tend to have become the enlarged part of the urban area, industrial area of outward displacement of the replacement land area out of a huge housing construction;
34. out of the country: an institutional analysis of Germany, said today's global construction volume in an annual increase of nearly 40% in China. the current level of development of China real estate industry in the world has Poxian advantage. Chinese developers will have to go abroad to develop a lot of opportunities, and local competitors in general were weak.
35. agricultural in the field in the policy adjustment has also been put on the agenda, policy changes homestead in rural and suburban real estate will create land resources;
36. urban and rural integration: many places in China, become a new direction and mode of long-established rural villages are villages and small towns to the center of evolution. urban and rural type of development for commercial and residential buildings offers great opportunities;
37. traffic improvement: in the in recent years and future years, the Chinese urban and suburban rail rapid transit and rapid progress, which is the suburbanization of residence and provide an important long-range conditions;
38. technological progress: The Chinese construction industry technology progress very rapidly, which will build more rapidly gave birth to the real estate sector, life more comfortable and more economical timber living space;
39. Project Immigration: the Yangtze River Three Gorges Reservoir area similar to this mass migration in China is not the only one, major projects due to immigration will bring significant new opportunities for urban construction;
40. post-disaster reconstruction: China is so vast, it is inevitable by the geology and climate class disaster disaster hit, post-disaster reconstruction is rebuilding from the previous simple Type starting point to the unified planning and direction.
the future of China real estate industry there is huge room for development, which includes political, economic, cultural, and market a wide range of positive support, and other factors. To solve the current problems the real estate industry should not be restricted to this industry as well as repressed, but need to be well through proper grooming policy, China's economy and people's lives is really looking forward to a healthy development of China real estate market.

Reference to life, middle-aged to the young people learn what the

 Reflection: make money, but also to will spend money, conditional circumstances, may wish to several high-consumption, but also to point to fresh life.

● Do not worry so much middle-aged concerns in the time to enjoy life more. Ms. Chung said she is not no money, but not more money, she would consider the parents consider the child, parents are too old, ill need the money; children have grown up will also study section, study abroad, also needed money.

Lantian life, middle-aged to the young people learn that what?


Reflection: You know, children have their own lives,UGGs, to the middle to give yourself some material reward, and after all that this life is not the children live.

● courage to imagine consumption in general, the mall those expensive brand-name cosmetics, mainstream consumer groups should be middle-aged women, because their most in need of special care of skin. But the contrary, the hundreds of thousands of cosmetics for young girls bought more, because the middle-aged women are reluctant to spend so much money.

● rich leisure life of a friend just returned from abroad-about way of life of domestic middle-aged, quite touched: States 60 years of age and vigorous it! 60-year-old man also abroad, to go skiing, clubbing, drinking coffee, but in the country, people over the age of 40 are far away from these places, and at most is to gather a few friends to the hotel dinner . , old-fashioned, a true portrayal of many middle-aged.

life, when many middle-aged man approached the young people life, often before? some young people choose to live, not middle-aged physically can not, nor can not afford that, but the lack of subjective consciousness.

middle-aged people do not have a lot of new things to try and enjoyed, is a bit unfortunate. now living conditions are good,UGG shoes, middle-aged people should enjoy life, and into the lives of young people, so that middle-aged years has gusto.

12 constellations of the tears is what to do with

 Aries Aries mm sweat
rarely sad and cry because their tears, mostly due to his efforts to obtain the desired results, and cried. Aries tears often proved a success, so they definitely tears the liquid is not sad, but the sweat of hard work.
Taurus Taurus mm water
tears look very lovely, and eyes like a puddle of water, crystal clear, crystal exquisite. And their tears are quiet as the water gently , so that the side who see children all heart. Taurus is their moment the tears fell the most quiet, beautiful moments, those tears intoxicated, like water, falling down, reflecting their souls.
Gemini mm ice cream
Gemini is the optimist, even in tears, giving vent to grief, when will people feel the tears into the sweet. their tears like ice cream, coated with any depression regardless of the color, taste is still infinite good mood. This may be commenced immediately after the Gemini cry a little secret smile now.

Cancer Cancer mm feelings of snow is slow, quiet, and it is profound. meet crisis , perhaps others will sign Ben future for all purposes, but is still only doing silent Cancer dedication. However, Cancer will be sad and cry when they hurt, their heart will completely cold, and to Cardiopulmonary the snow as unbearable.
mm magma
Leo Leo is a model of individual heroism, while the hero of the standard is endless strong, even in tears the moment but also the atmosphere is heroic, not feminine mildly . So Leo is not the tears flow out, but ejected, with a deep, temperatures are still in the sad hours of venting the endless enthusiasm, like blazing lava.
Virgo mm rain
Virgo fine, let the tears fall like rain, sometimes sparse, sometimes close to tears as the mood manipulation, bit by bit, Huang Meiyu in April and July storms, and sometimes a person alone, sad the next month Sometimes a person's shoulder when pulling a pillow to sleep. and tears, absolutely, from autumn to winter, spring and summer flow.
Libra Libra mm spring
mind all the time in the pursuit of beauty, the tears is the best decorations, such as pure spring water generally quiet, silence, mixed with joy, joy with sorrow. Libra tears like an art, sometimes they shed tears,UGG boots, not because of sadness, but rather ordinary life in order to increase the movement of live United States, maybe the mind to think that time is Libra oil painting . However, when one day they shed tears, must be earth shattering, no trivial matter, when the tears is completely Scorpio mixture of anger and grief, destruction like a bottle of concentrated sulfuric acid.
mm sewage
Sagittarius Sagittarius Few shed tears because of sadness, perhaps to discharge to the reality of anxiety and unease as sewerage, as excreted by the form of tears. excrete finished Sagittarius to have a good mood and start the momentum again, shooter Block therefore the twelve constellations of the most emotional of the group will adjust its own.
Capricorn Capricorn mm hot metal
tears will not be crazy men Rouge of the North's both good and bad, and must be in the real world performance of their disappointment, when they shed tears, conveniently slide down also made up my mind, Leila, after it became the same motto. like hot metal, once solidified,UGGs, like Capricorn faith, never change.
Aquarius mm water
constellation Aquarius is the second favorite cry of a group, because their thoughts, ideas always can not make a thorough understanding of the people around, or emotional dislocation, or underappreciated, eventually became full of tears. they are tears salty, hard to understand, but as the sea and the flow could not finish, I do not know where is the end of the horizon.
Pisces Pisces mm pearl
mind pure beauty, like a fairy tale of the mermaid princess, fish The tears and the most sincere feelings for the beautiful love, therefore, their tears crystal clear, the combination of the mundane world beyond the imagination of most. fell off, rustled, like a pearls, people can not simply be touch, have to let a little bit better Sunian immediately disappeared. If a Pisces tears for you, be careful to close at heart.