Rereading the soldiers, has often been regarded as battle-troops, that the combat is extremely strong. In fact, battle-true, how fine it might not be fine.
I always thought that both the organization, tactics, training , the equipment, or strategic thinking, Lee's army is not a strictly high-quality troops.
this is primarily a problem of the environment.
can not be divorced from any social group, social environment general constraints, above the top of the social environment. For example, we can not imagine what the Chinese A A clubs have entered the list of world-class teams, because there are so smelly the Chinese football, your opponent is eggs, you are even the most strong, at most they develop into an ostrich egg, not turned to stone, because neither the conditions nor the need.
and Rereading the environment in which what? is a very low level of the Ming military, every aspect of the whole community is full collapse of the Ming.
the beginning of the Ming founding, the military is still very powerful, but because of various reasons (not nonsense here), just after a few years, the Ming Dynasty military base began to decay, to the late Ming Dynasty, government forces have been thoroughly corrupted, the difference between their combat effectiveness, I can not use simple language to describe, in short, how do you imagine is not too much.
it or give an example:
common sense, the most frequent military war, often the military would be more powerful point. the late Ming Dynasty, Ji Liao line, is the Jurchen Mongolia and later the main battle area, only a few decades up to the Ming dynasty bear the task of foreign wars Military, during which a generation had also famous Qi rectifying up to fifteen years.
, however, is such a front-line military, in Xiongting Bi arrival, the situation is what it?
full list of members of the armed forces, the division less than half the actual number was found, and the dispatch of the task Shiyou reduced by half, and on the battlefield, the more than agents just quickly disappeared; cavalry horses suffering from hunger initiative in order to avoid combat missions, incidentally, horse stealing and selling materials, if the horses actually run into battle No hunger walk, simply kill the horse; troops with equipment, have long locked in a warehouse left to decay, never maintained, most of the equipment the soldiers do not even call out the name, are stored gunpowder Results into blocks, cut with an ax are not open; all Division, fielding the most basic level this low-level military officers, but still no one clear where we stand in the end how many men themselves, let alone understand their own soldiers; soldiers chronically hungry, naked more than half of people get sick, could not carry the most common conventional weapons, eight more staff, and not because of fighting, but Dongnei Suozhi; field army with armor, a considerable part is actually made of paper; was when the second of soldiers, in addition to a kitchen knife, have not seen any other weapons hh
This is the most powerful military under the jurisdiction of the Ming Dynasty's did not say when the collapse of the Ming economy, resulting in terrible poverty of the whole society, so that he could not provide a true force for their excellent training and equipment conditions, so a single opponent, limiting the further increase of his military What is necessary to over rivals too much? it is not waste? say, and he is roving bandits, military terms, in the learner's position, his teacher (ie opponents) itself so, to whom he , where to learn more capacity out of the military organization do?
so that the environment has been decided, Li Zicheng there is no need of troops can not become a truly elite division.
In fact, ten rebel Li Tzu-cheng years, most of the time not as good as his troops fighting government forces. After all, he has only the desperate refugees and the robbery of the bandits, is the standard mob, so long battle with government forces, he was fighting and repeated failed, many times almost been eliminated several times forced to surrender.
he really only three or four beautiful scene with the victory. From 1640 he began to re-enter Henan, various reasons (mainly due to pressure on all sides strength of long-term fight began under the Ming dynasty collapsed, and severe famine, etc.), the adherents of his sudden and substantial increase short period of time to reach the hundreds of thousands of the public (in the past ten years, he almost did not reach over ten thousand human scale), and operational in a few years, he won more negative small, the strength of this snowball and grow strong.
from then on, Li Zi Cheng's military strength has been a qualitative leap, from roving bandits to semi-finished changes in the regular army. It has many causes, such as a large number of seized, a large number of instigation, prisoners, army troops joined the absorption, Niu Jinxing other important talents for him to complete the establishment of formal organizations, etc., not because a few words of so clear. But there is one point in the past little attention, but I find it very important that Liu Zongmin join.
I think that is Li Zi Cheng Liu Zongmin important reason for the completion of military expansion. He was army officer, to understand the regular army organization and operation, and that a stronger military capabilities of individuals (total units outstanding ability to corrupt and does not contradict a single general produce), he joined the military changed from the original Li Zicheng troops, bandits loose mode to a certain extent, this unit has undergone a qualitative change. Although the source of the heterogeneous forces Rereading the short term can not be all the troops who are trained regular army, but Liu Zongmin at least established a regular pattern to achieve the main force . follow Rereading the old bandits and a lot of late but was able to join Liu Zongmin bandits in the underworld in the strict rules, quickly promoted to the highest position of military command, both visible Rereading the Use of Personnel, see also Liu The military can certainly alarming, the role of Rereading will also crucial.
But then again, do not underestimate the enemy, Li Zicheng will fail. Dashun because of his military, not the number of far less than the other, than on the strength of Manchuria Jingji far off.
full of soldiers fighting to be analyzed, probably have to write a book or two, I am also unable to talk about it more, in short, , just from the nomadic tribes in the womb, in honed through years of war in Manchuria in the cavalry, the strength of the army than the Ming or Rereading the bandits, much higher.
several levels that exceed the strength of opponents the one hand, the nomadic tribes from the original residues in the wild (cold weapons, primitive man is always far more powerful than the civilized man, in terms of physical strength or fighting spirit, which is the inevitable result of the pressure of survival), while rooted in their needs of the weak against the strong: its national strength to deal with many times more than the enemy, only many times more than opponents fighting (this, Rereading not available, slightly stronger than the opponent as long as he can). there on the one hand, it is the ability of leaders from Nurhachi to Taiji, Dorgon, military leaders in Manchuria are amazing military genius, it is strong than Rereading out too much should be said that this personal command capability is also critical.
Here, suddenly want to say a few off topic:
remember 1990, I visited the National Palace Museum Exhibition weapons (Unfortunately, this museum is closed soon, and I was many times to the Forbidden City, never to see it open ), the shock was brought me, and now I remember so clearly.
---- I saw Nurhachi, Taiji, on behalf of the good, kind of equipment and others Duoergun original. < br> This is where the largest and most important weapons Nurhaci, I still remember his knife, more than half an inch thick on the back, six more than a meter long blade, plus a long-dragging, thick handle was scary , so heavy, so long knife, text annotation is actually body, not the stereotype of the curvature of the bow, almost like a straight thick trunk), wide like the little fan of the These kind of subversion once the cold steel of my size to those of the original image I never actually thought of a living person can use such heavy weapons.
Also featured are Nurhaci through the chain mail, see this piece of iron clothes, I realized, the use of these weapons, is a repeat itself tall, majestic giant.
Interestingly, Taiji and other weapons used by his sons, than Nurhaci slightly smaller light (of course, is still alarming wide, heavy), I can only guess, perhaps, of life over Nurhachi, reducing the genetic quality, but his sons and his not so magnificent bar.
exhibition is very interesting to one), brought back the people sigh and fantasy unlimited.
Nurhaci family is full of Manchuria Is the strongest man? good, even if we are right, Manchu cavalry general of the strong, still in his and his sons are in the super heavyweight giant weapons, no doubt drawn the conclusion (think of the children of the decline was the speed of the Eight Banners, very sentimental enough).
and nomadic farming less than fighting the nation. < br> In the long years of corruption, hunger, the environment to survive the horrors of the farmers bandits, physically I am afraid to be less convincing.
a discount of sixty thousand farmers, and Ning Wu Sangui relationship before the cavalry fighting hard all day in Shanhaiguan, During the outcome of each other. However, Li and Liu Zongmin Zuozhen blind, the fierce, and always encouraged the brothers fight hard. Both sides are doing their best to win the balance of pressure to their side. to the afternoon, both sides have sent the final reserve , Liu Zongmin charge of the battle personally. With the striker off the retreat rather cavalry, Dashun military victory must have issued a howling, right?
Dorgon do anything.
Sangui only repeated pleading, begging and more Seoul Gun reinforcements.
until Sangui seeing the hopeless situation, go to the Dorgon army, agreed to all conditions of his (originally full of soldiers, he asked, and said good, into surrender), but also clearly see Dorgon battle, both sides have the power to end soon, see the Li Zicheng spent force, this issued the attack order.
tired exhausted, thanks to your foot We continue to win support for the troops fighting Dashun Sangui about ready to launch the final blow to the occasion, sunny bang bang: braids soldiers coming!
not a little, is several times more than their own, to wait at Plaza of the force, is invincible over the Tartars!
So, collapsed.
fact, I have always felt that Shanhaiguan war itself, though dramatic, but it is only the result, is a matter of course.'d fight those early has happened before, is the real, deep-seated reasons, these reasons, the decision prior to the battle completely and the outcome of the next few decades of history.
that is worthy of our attention.
many reasons, including some of the content I mentioned earlier, it includes a number of posts in this space can not accommodate the deeper social analysis. once into the deep historical analysis, and social rationality content, can not help but dull, not suitable for online discussion, so I just make up some of the surface revealed the military in nature, as talk of things.
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